25 November 06 - 12:45am.
Or, The elusive *ffect fu.
That is in fact written correctly.
So, how many of you have issues with this. I have a friend who is easily a genius (literally, as per IQ), and he had it wrong. I had it down once. The professor for an english class I took at university made it a point to teach it. If I remember correctly, we had random quizzes on it. I don’t even remember how he taught it to us, but I still had it figured out. That is until the genius told me I had it wrong. My first instinct is to default to his knowledge, and overall, this is the ideal choice. In fact, I’m pretty sure this is the first time I’ve been right about something he was wrong about. Lucky for me, I decided to look it up.
Evidently my grasp on it was somewhat tenuous. I found myself reading over it for quite a while. Really, I think I was slightly more confused after reading the definitions for a while. However, having gotten things figured out, I will share my wealth of knowledge so that you too may one day master the *ffect fu.
Effect and affect are both used as nouns and verbs, and in other forms as adjectives.
The Dictionary.com definitions are as follows:
Effect
ef‧fect  [i-fekt]
–noun
1. something that is produced by an agency or cause; result; consequence: Exposure to the sun had the effect of toughening his skin.
2. power to produce results; efficacy; force; validity; influence: His protest had no effect.
3. the state of being effective or operative; operation or execution; accomplishment or fulfillment: to bring a plan into effect.
4. a mental or emotional impression produced, as by a painting or a speech.
5. meaning or sense; purpose or intention: She disapproved of the proposal and wrote to that effect.
6. the making of a desired impression: We had the feeling that the big, expensive car was only for effect.
7. an illusory phenomenon: a three-dimensional effect.
8. a real phenomenon (usually named for its discoverer): the Doppler effect.
9. special effects
–verb (used with object)
10. to produce as an effect; bring about; accomplish; make happen: The new machines finally effected the transition to computerized accounting last spring.
Affect
af‧fect [v. uh-fekt; n. af-ekt]
–verb (used with object)
1. to act on; produce an effect or change in: Cold weather affected the crops.
2. to impress the mind or move the feelings of: The music affected him deeply.
3. (of pain, disease, etc.) to attack or lay hold of.
–noun
4. Psychology. feeling or emotion.
5. Psychiatry. an expressed or observed emotional response: Restricted, flat, or blunted affect may be a symptom of mental illness, especially schizophrenia.
6. Obsolete. affection; passion; sensation; inclination; inward disposition or feeling.
Effect is primarily used as a noun. Put simply, an effect is a result or consequence. The word is used in that basic manner as well as in related contexts. The power to produce results, or the ability to influence or force is the a use of effect in the context of the potential or ability to cause an effect - “The documentary had an effect on environmental policies.” Further, there is being in the state of actually causing an effect, the state of being operative; operation or execution; accomplishment - “The law was put into effect.” A purpose or intention; meaning or sense - “to that effect” - is the use of effect to reiterate an idea or concept. “For effect” is an example of usage to make an impression; “The dramatic entrance was for effect.” Effect has many different uses which likely contributes to the confusion.
Effect as a verb is to bring about, make happen, or produce as an effect, “as an” being key. If you are effecting something, you are causing a result or consequence. “His new knowledge effected the change in his investment habits.” “Her leadership skills will effect a rise in employee productivity.” The object of the verb itself is the effect. In these two examples, the “change” and “rise” are the effects.
Now, as opposed to usage as a noun in terms of the potential to cause an effect, usage as a verb is the action of causing an effect.
Affect is primarily used as a verb; to act on, produce an effect or change in. “The cold water affected his manhood.” The second definition is essentially the same thing but in reference to the human aspect; impress on the mind, move the feelings of - “The love story didn’t affect him much.” The pain, disease, etc. definition is easy to get; we are affected by diseases, etc.
Affect as a noun is used primarily in psychology. It refers to emotions or emotional responses. Positive affect, negative affect, lack of affect. In this context you can replace “affect” with “emotion” and it still makes technical sense.
A usage note under affect on Dictionary.com provides a second definition for affect the verb: to assume, to pretend. “The thief was affecting innocence.” This note also provides a basic explanation regarding the differences between effect and affect.
Both effect and affect have adjective forms as well: effective and affective.
The Dictionary.com definitions:
Effective
ef‧fec‧tive [i-fek-tiv]
–adjective
1. adequate to accomplish a purpose; producing the intended or expected result: effective teaching methods; effective steps toward peace.
2. actually in operation or in force; functioning: The law becomes effective at midnight.
3. producing a deep or vivid impression; striking: an effective photograph.
4. prepared and available for service, esp. military service.
–noun
5. a member of the armed forces fit for duty or active service.
6. the effective total of a military force.
Affective
af‧fec‧tive [af-ek-tiv]
–adjective
1. of, caused by, or expressing emotion or feeling; emotional.
2. causing emotion or feeling.
Grasping the difference between the usage of these two words is rather simple, as the definition of affective is relatively different and quite succinct. Enough that they don’t really require further explanation.
As much as it won’t always be correct, when in doubt, use effect as a noun and affect as a verb. That basic rule work well enough to get you by. Otherwise, read carefully and use wisely.
Then you too, grasshopper, may become the Master of the *ffect fu.